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Obesity is an alarmingly common problem among pet snakes, and the reptile community is just barely becoming aware of it. As with most pets, this happens unintentionally, often being mistaken for healthy growth and/or weight gain. A chunky appearance is sometimes praised by those who think that it makes the snake look “cuter.” Obesity in snakes — or any animal, for that matter — is not cute; it is a form of cruel neglect that robs the animal of health, mobility, and shortens its lifespan.
Symptoms
- Scale wrinkling/folding
- Visible skin between scales
- Round shape
- Fat rolls near the head or cloaca
- Feels squishy during handling, not firm
- Body may appear segmented
- Thickest part of the body is 2x wider than the head
Cause
- Overfeeding
- Powerfeeding
- Small enclosure
- Lack of exercise
Treatment
If you have a fat boa, the first step to take is to evaluate what you’re feeding it. Could you be feeding it too often for its age? Are you offering prey items that are too large?
If that’s not the case, then the snake is probably not getting enough exercise:
- Add additional enrichment items to the enclosure
- Handle more often, encouraging movement (although not so much as to cause stress)
- Create “obstacle courses” for the snake to explore outside of the enclosure
- Encourage climbing up/down stairs with supervision (I kid you not)
You should also reevaluate the size of the boa’s enclosure. Your pet boa will spend most of its life inside its enclosure, so give it room to stretch out, climb, and “hunt” when the mood strikes. Give it the biggest enclosure you can possibly build for it — provided that you have the right temperature gradient, humidity, UVB, and enrichment, this is the best thing you can do for your boa’s health.
As you correct your boa’s diet and encourage him/her to exercise, use a digital kitchen or bathroom scale to weigh them weekly. Chart the numbers in a spreadsheet or in a notebook. If the snake hasn’t started to lose weight after a few months, consult your veterinarian. There may be something else going on.